🎯 CW Echo Trainer Help
Master morse code with instant accuracy and timing feedback
📖 What is CW Echo Trainer?
The CW Echo Trainer is an advanced morse code training tool that tests both your receiving
and sending skills. You listen to morse code audio generated by the system, then send it back
using your Morserino-32, WinKeyer, VBand paddle, or keyboard. The system scores your response based on both
text accuracy and keying timing precision.
💡 Pro Tip: Echo training is one of the most effective ways to improve your CW proficiency
because it combines listening comprehension with muscle memory and timing skills.
🚀 Getting Started
1. Select Training Mode
Choose from five training modes on the left sidebar:
- Words - Common English words from CW vocabulary
- Callsigns - Realistic amateur radio callsigns
- Code Groups - Random character sequences (2-7 characters)
- Sentences - Full sentences and QSO phrases
- Custom Text - Enter your own practice text
2. Connect Your Device
Select and connect your hardware device:
- Morserino-32 - Full paddle and straight key support
- WinKeyer - USB CW keyer with firmware detection
- VBand Dongle - Virtual paddle with configurable settings
- Keyboard - Use K or . for dit, N or - for dah
3. Configure Audio Settings
- WPM - Character speed (5-50 WPM)
- Farnsworth - Spacing speed (can be lower than character speed)
- Tone - Audio frequency (400-1200 Hz)
- Volume - Playback volume (0-100%)
💡 Farnsworth Timing: Set Farnsworth lower than WPM to practice character recognition
at speed while having extra time to think between characters.
🎯 Training Workflow
Step 1: Generate Prompt
Click Generate & Play to create and hear a new prompt. The system will:
- Generate content based on your selected mode
- Play it as morse code audio using your configured settings
- Display the text (unless Blind Mode is enabled)
Step 2: Listen Carefully
Focus on the audio playback. You can:
- Replay - Hear the same prompt again
- Slow (0.8×) - Play at 80% speed for easier practice
- Loop - Repeat continuously until you stop it
Step 3: Send Back
After the audio finishes, send the code back using your connected device. Watch the timing strip
fill with your keying pattern (blue for dits, orange for dahs).
Step 4: Submit & Review
Click Submit Answer when done. You'll receive instant feedback with:
- Text Accuracy - How closely your sent text matches the prompt
- Timing Score - How precise your element durations were
- Overall Score - Combined score (80% text, 20% timing)
- Character Diff - Visual comparison showing correct, incorrect, missing, or extra characters
⚙️ Training Options
Blind Mode
Enable this to hide the prompt text until after you submit your answer. This forces you to rely
entirely on your listening skills, simulating real-world operating conditions.
Auto-Continue
When enabled, the trainer automatically generates and plays the next prompt 2 seconds after you
submit an answer. Great for intensive practice sessions!
Code Group Options
When using Code Groups mode, adjust the Group Length slider (2-7 characters) to control
difficulty. Start with shorter groups and gradually increase length as you improve.
⌨️ Keyboard Controls
When using keyboard input mode:
Default Keying:
- K or . - Dit (short element)
- N or - - Dah (long element)
- Space - Word separator (optional)
💡 Timing Detection: The system uses adaptive timing detection based on your WPM setting.
Elements shorter than 2× dit length are classified as dits, longer ones as dahs.
📊 Scoring System
Text Accuracy (80% weight)
Calculated using Levenshtein distance algorithm. Every character substitution, insertion, or deletion
reduces your score. Perfect match = 100%.
Timing Score (20% weight)
Measures how closely your element durations match the expected timing for your WPM setting:
- Dit duration = 1200 / WPM milliseconds
- Dah duration = 3 × dit duration
Overall Score
Combined score with color-coded grades:
- Excellent - 95%+ (green)
- Good - 80-94% (blue)
- Fair - 60-79% (orange)
- Poor - Below 60% (red)
💡 Focus on Accuracy First: Text accuracy contributes 80% to your score, so prioritize
getting the characters right. Timing precision will improve naturally with practice.
📈 Analytics & Progress Tracking
Your session data is automatically saved and can be viewed on the
Echo Trainer Analytics
page, where you'll find:
- Progress Charts - Accuracy and timing trends over time
- Mode Distribution - See which modes you practice most
- WPM Analysis - Accuracy breakdown by speed
- Session History - Detailed log of all training sessions
- Personal Records - Track your best streaks and scores
💎 Tips & Best Practices
For Beginners
- Start at 15-20 WPM with Farnsworth at 12-15 WPM
- Use Words mode with blind mode OFF to see what you're hearing
- Practice 15-20 minutes daily rather than long occasional sessions
- Don't rush - accuracy is more important than speed initially
For Intermediate
- Gradually increase WPM by 2-3 when consistently achieving 90%+ accuracy
- Enable blind mode to simulate real operating conditions
- Practice with Callsigns and Sentences modes
- Focus on improving timing score alongside accuracy
For Advanced
- Train at contest speeds (30+ WPM) with blind mode
- Use Code Groups mode with max length (7 characters)
- Enable auto-continue for intensive practice
- Aim for 95%+ accuracy with 90%+ timing scores
⚠️ Avoid Overtraining: If your accuracy drops below 70% consistently, reduce your speed
or take a break. Practicing with poor accuracy can reinforce bad habits.
🔧 Troubleshooting
Audio Not Playing
- Check your browser volume and system audio settings
- Increase the volume slider in Echo Trainer settings
- Try a different tone frequency (700 Hz is standard)
- Ensure your browser supports Web Audio API (Chrome, Firefox, Edge)
Device Won't Connect
- Make sure your device is powered on and plugged in via USB
- Chrome/Edge browsers required for Morserino-32 and WinKeyer (Web Serial API)
- Grant serial port permissions when prompted by your browser
- Try disconnecting and reconnecting the USB cable
Timing Strip Not Updating
- Ensure you've started sending after the audio finished playing
- Check that your device is properly connected and responding
- For keyboard mode, verify you're pressing the correct keys
- Try refreshing the page if the trainer becomes unresponsive
Decoded Text Incorrect
- Verify your WPM setting matches your intended sending speed
- Practice maintaining consistent dit and dah durations
- Leave proper gaps between characters (3× dit length)
- Use slower speeds until your timing becomes more consistent